MEGASTROKE Acknowledgments

METASTROKE

ASGC: Australian population control data were derived from the Hunter Community Study. We also thank the University of Newcastle for funding and the men and women of the Hunter region who participated in this study. This research was funded by grants from the Australian National and Medical Health Research Council (NHMRC Project Grant ID: 569257), the Australian National Heart Foundation (NHF Project Grant ID: G 04S 1623), the University of Newcastle, the Gladys M Brawn Fellowship scheme, and the Vincent Fairfax Family Foundation in Australia. Elizabeth G Holliday was supported by a Fellowship from the National Heart Foundation and National Stroke Foundation of Australia (ID: 100071).

BRAINS: Bio-Repository of DNA in Stroke (BRAINS) is partly funded by a Senior Fellowship from the Department of Health (UK) to P Sharma, the Henry Smith Charity and the UK-India Education Research Institutive (UKIERI) from the British Council.

GEOS: Genetics of Early Onset Stroke (GEOS) Study, Baltimore, USA was supported by the NIH Genes, Environment and Health Initiative (GEI) Grant U01 HG004436, as part of the GENEVA consortium under GEI, with additional support provided by the Mid-Atlantic Nutrition and Obesity Research Center (P30 DK072488), and the Office of Research and Development, Medical Research Service, and the Baltimore Geriatrics Research, Education, and Clinical Center of the Department of Veterans Affairs. Genotyping services were provided by the Johns Hopkins University Center for Inherited Disease Research (CIDR), which is fully funded through a federal contract from the NIH to the Johns Hopkins University (contract number HHSN268200782096C). Assistance with data cleaning was provided by the GENEVA Coordinating Center (U01 HG 004446; PI Bruce S Weir). Study recruitment and assembly of datasets were supported by a Cooperative Agreement with the Division of Adult and Community Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and by grants from NINDS and the NIH Office of Research on Women's Health (R01 NS45012, U01 NS069208-01).

HPS: Heart Protection Study (HPS) (ISRCTN48489393) was supported by the UK Medical Research Council (MRC), British Heart Foundation, Merck and Co (manufacturers of simvastatin), and Roche Vitamins Ltd (manufacturers of vitamins). Genotyping was supported by a grant to Oxford University and CNG from Merck and Co. Jemma C Hopewell acknowledges support from the British Heart Foundation (FS/14/55/30806).

ISGS and SWISS: The Ischemic Stroke Genetics Study (ISGS) was supported by the NINDS (R01 NS42733; PI Dr Meschia). The Sibling with Ischemic Stroke Study (SWISS) was supported by the NINDS (R01 NS39987; PI Dr Meschia). Both SWISS and ISGS received additional support, in part, from the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute on Aging (Z01 AG000954-06; PI Andrew Singleton). SWISS and ISGS used samples and clinical data from the NIH-NINDS Human Genetics Resource Center DNA and Cell Line Repository (http://ccr.coriell.org/ninds), human subject protocol Nos. 2003-081 and 2004-147. SWISS and ISGS used stroke-free participants from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA) as controls with the permission of Dr Luigi Ferrucci. The inclusion of BLSA samples was supported, in part, by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute on Aging (Z01 AG000015-50), human subject protocol No. 2003-078. This study used the high-performance computational capabilities of the Biowulf Linux cluster at the NIH (http://biowulf.nih.gov). For SWISS and ISGS cases of African ancestry, a subset of the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span study (HANDLS) were used as stroke-free controls. HANDLS is funded by the National Institute of Aging (1Z01AG000513; PI Michele K. Evans).

MGH-GASROS: MGH Genes Affecting Stroke Risk and Outcome Study (MGH-GASROS) was supported by NINDS (U01 NS069208), the American Heart Association/Bugher Foundation Centers for Stroke Prevention Research 0775010N, the NIH and NHLBI's STAMPEED genomics research program (R01 HL087676), and a grant from the National Center for Research Resources. The Broad Institute Center for Genotyping and Analysis is supported by grant U54 RR020278 from the National Center for Research resources.

MILANO: MILANO: Milano - Besta Stroke Register Collection and genotyping of the Milan cases within CEDIR were supported by the Italian Ministry of Health (Grant Numbers: RC 2007/LR6, RC 2008/LR6; RC 2009/LR8; RC 2010/LR8; GR-2011-02347041). FP6 LSHM-CT-2007-037273 for the PROCARDIS control samples.

WTCCC2-UK: Wellcome Trust Case-Control Consortium 2 (WTCCC2) was principally funded by the Wellcome Trust, as part of the Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium 2 project (085475/B/08/Z and 085475/Z/08/Z and WT084724MA). The Stroke Association provided additional support for collection of some of the St George's, London cases. The Oxford cases were collected as part of the Oxford Vascular Study which is funded by the MRC, Stroke Association, Dunhill Medical Trust, National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) and the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford. The Edinburgh Stroke Study was supported by the Wellcome Trust (clinician scientist award to C Sudlow), and the Binks Trust. Sample processing occurred in the Genetics Core Laboratory of the Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Facility, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh. Much of the neuroimaging occurred in the Scottish Funding Council Brain Imaging Research Centre (www.sbirc.ed.ac.uk), Division of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Edinburgh, a core area of the Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Facility and part of the SINAPSE (Scottish Imaging Network—A Platform for Scientific Excellence) collaboration (www.sinapse.ac.uk), funded by the Scottish Funding Council and the Chief Scientist Office. Collection of the Munich cases and data analysis was supported by the Vascular Dementia Research Foundation. M Farrall and A Helgadottir acknowledge support from the BHF Centre of Research Excellence in Oxford and the Wellcome Trust core award (090532/Z/09/Z).

WTCCC2-D: This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreements No 666881, SVDs@target (to M Dichgans) and No 667375, CoSTREAM (to M Dichgans); the DFG as part of the Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (EXC 1010 SyNergy) and the CRC 1123 (B3)(to M Dichgans); the Corona Foundation (to M Dichgans); the Fondation Leducq (Transatlantic Network of Excellence on the Pathogenesis of Small Vessel Disease of the Brain)(to M Dichgans); the e:Med program (e:AtheroSysMed) (to M Dichgans) and the FP7/2007-2103 European Union project CVgenes@target (grant agreement number Health-F2-2013-601456) (to M Dichgans).

VISP: The GWAS component of the VISP study was supported by the United States National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), Grant U01 HG005160 (PI Michèle Sale & Bradford Worrall), as part of the Genomics and Randomized Trials Network (GARNET). Genotyping services were provided by the Johns Hopkins University Center for Inherited Disease Research (CIDR), which is fully funded through a federal contract from the NIH to the Johns Hopkins University. Assistance with data cleaning was provided by the GARNET Coordinating Center (U01 HG005157; PI Bruce S Weir). Study recruitment and collection of datasets for the VISP clinical trial were supported by an investigator-initiated research grant (R01 NS34447; PI James Toole) from the United States Public Health Service, NINDS, Bethesda, Maryland. Control data for comparison with European ancestry VISP stroke cases were obtained through the database of genotypes and phenotypes (dbGAP) High Density SNP Association Analysis of Melanoma: Case-Control and Outcomes Investigation (phs000187.v1.p1; R01CA100264, 3P50CA093459, 5P50CA097007, 5R01ES011740, 5R01CA133996, HHSN268200782096C; PIs Christopher Amos, Qingyi Wei, Jeffrey E. Lee). For VISP stroke cases of African ancestry, a subset of the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span study (HANDLS) were used as stroke free controls. HANDLS is funded by the National Institute of Aging (1Z01AG000513; PI Michele K. Evans).

WHI: Funding support for WHI-GARNET was provided through the NHGRI GARNET (Grant Number U01 HG005152). Assistance with phenotype harmonisation and genotype cleaning, as well as with general study coordination, was provided by the GARNET Coordinating Center (U01 HG005157). Funding support for genotyping, which was performed at the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, was provided by the NIH Genes, Environment, and Health Initiative (GEI; U01 HG004424).

SiGN

The SiGN study was funded by a cooperative agreement grant from the US National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health (U01 NS069208). The information about funding for each collection is reported below.

Discovery Case-only & Case and Control Cohorts:

BASICMAR: The Base de Datos de Ictus del Hospital del Mar (BASICMAR) Genetic Study was supported by the Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo de España, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISC III) with the grants: Registro BASICMAR Funding for Research in Health (PI051737); GWA Study of Leukoaraiosis (GWALA) project from Fondos de Investigación Sanitaria ISC III (PI10/02064) and (PI12/01238); Agència de Gestió Ajuts Universitaris de Recerca (2014 SGR 1213) and Fondos European Regional Development Funding (FEDER/EDRF) Red INVICTUS-PLUS (RD16/0019/0002). Additional support was provided by the Fundació la Marató TV3 with the grant GODS project. Genestroke Consortium (76/C/2011) Recercaixa’13 (JJ086116). Assistance with data cleaning was provided by the Research in Cardiovascular and Inflammatory Diseases Program of Institute Hospital del Mar of Medical Investigations, Hospital del Mar, and the Barcelona Biomedical Research Park.

EDINBURGH: The Edinburgh Stroke Study was supported by the Wellcome Trust and the Binks Trust. Sample processing occurred in the Genetics Core Laboratory of the Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Facility, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK. Much of the neuroimaging occurred in the Scottish Funding Council Brain Imaging Research Centre (www.sbirc.ed.ac.uk), University of Edinburgh, a core area of the Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Facility and part of the Scottish Imaging Network–A Platform for Scientific Excellence (SINAPSE) collaboration (www.sinapse.ac.uk), funded by the Scottish Funding Council and the Chief Scientist Office. Genotyping was performed at the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute in the United Kingdom and funded by the Wellcome Trust as part of the Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium 2 project (085475/B/08/Z and 085475/Z/08/Z and WT084724MA).

GCNKSS: The Greater Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky Stroke Study (GCNKSS) was supported by the NIH (NS030678).

GRAZ: The Austrian Stroke Prevention Study was supported by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) grant Nos. P20545-P05 and P13180 and I904-B13 (Era-Net). The Medical University of Graz supports the databases of the Graz Stroke Study and the Austrian Stroke Prevention Study.

KRAKOW: Phenotypic data and genetic specimens collection were funded by the grant from the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education for Leading National Research Centers (KNOW) and by the grants from the Jagiellonian University Medical College in Krakow, Poland: K/ZDS/002848, K/ZDS/003844.

LEUVEN: The Leuven Stroke genetics study was supported by personal research funds from the Department of Neurology of the University Hospitals Leuven. Dr Lemmens is a Senior Clinical Investigator of FWO Flanders (FWO 1841913N).

LUND: The Lund Stroke Register was supported by the Swedish Research Council (K2010-61X-20378-04-3), The Swedish Heart-Lung Foundation, Region Skåne, Skåne University Hospital, the Freemasons Lodge of Instruction EOS in Lund, King Gustaf V’s and Queen Victoria’s Foundation, Lund University, and the Swedish Stroke Association. Biobank services were provided by Region Skåne Competence Centre (RSKC Malmö), Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden, and Biobank, Labmedicin Skåne, University and Regional Laboratories Region Skåne, Sweden.

MALMӦ: The Malmӧ Diet and Cancer Study was supported by the Swedish Research Council (Vetenskapsrådet), Heart and Lung Foundation (Hjärt och Lungfonden), and Swedish Stroke Foundation (Strokeförbundet).

MCISS: The Middlesex County Ischemic Stroke Study (MCISS) was supported by intramural funding from the New Jersey Neuroscience Institute/JFK Medical Center, Edison, NJ, and The Neurogenetics Foundation, Cranbury, NJ. We acknowledge Dr Souvik Sen for his advice and encouragement in the initiation and design of this study.

MIAMISR and NOMAS: The Northern Manhattan Study (NOMAS) was supported by grants from the NINDS (R37 NS029993, R01 NS27517). The Cerebrovascular Biorepository at University of Miami/Jackson Memorial Hospital (The Miami Stroke Registry, Institutional Review Board No. 20070386) was supported by the Department of Neurology at University of Miami Miller School of Medicine and Evelyn McKnight Brain Institute. Biorepository and DNA extraction services were provided by the Hussmann Institute for Human Genomics at the Miller School of Medicine.

MGH-GASROS: The Massachusetts General Hospital Stroke Genetics Group was supported by the NIH Genes Affecting Stroke Risks and Outcomes Study (GASROS) grant K23 NS042720, the American Heart Association/Bugher Foundation Centers for Stroke Prevention Research 0775010N, and NINDS K23NS042695, K23 NS064052, the Deane Institute for Integrative Research in Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke, and by the Keane Stroke Genetics Fund. Genotyping services were provided by the Broad Institute Center for Genotyping and Analysis, supported by grant U54 RR020278 from the National Center for Research Resources.

NHS: The Nurses’ Health Study work on stroke is supported by grants from the NIH, including HL088521 and HL34594 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, as well as grants from the National Cancer Institute funding the questionnaire follow-up and blood collection: CA87969 and CA49449.

OXVASC: The Oxford Vascular Study was supported by the Wellcome Trust, Wolfson Foundation, Stroke Association, Medical Research Council, Dunhill Medical Trust, NIH Research (NIHR), and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre based at Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Oxford. Dr Rothwell is in receipt of Senior Investigator Awards from the Wellcome Trust and the NIHR.

REGARDS: The Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) Study was supported by a cooperative agreement U01 NS041588 from the NINDS, NIH, and Department of Health and Human Service. A full list of participating REGARDS investigators and institutions can be found at http://www.regardsstudy.org.

SPS3: The Secondary Prevention of Small Subcortical Strokes trial was funded by the US National Institute of Health and Neurological Disorders and Stroke grant No. U01NS38529-04A1 (principal investigator, Oscar R. Benavente; coprincipal investigator, Robert G. Hart). The SPS3 Genetic Substudy (SPS3-GENES) was funded by R01 NS073346 (coprincipal investigators, Julie A. Johnson, Oscar R. Benavente, and Alan R. Shuldiner) and U01 GM074492-05S109 (principal investigator, Julie A. Johnson).

ST. GEORGE’S: The principal funding for this study was provided by the Wellcome Trust, as part of the Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium 2 project (085475/B/08/Z and 085475/Z/08/Z and WT084724MA). Collection of some of the St George’s stroke cohort was supported by project grant support from the Stroke Association. Hugh Markus is supported by an NIHR Investigator award. Matthew Traylor was supported by project grant funding from the Stroke Association.(TSA 2013/01)

VISP: The GWAS component of the VISP study was supported by the United States National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), Grant U01 HG005160 (PI Michèle Sale & Bradford Worrall), as part of the Genomics and Randomized Trials Network (GARNET). Genotyping services were provided by the Johns Hopkins University Center for Inherited Disease Research (CIDR), which is fully funded through a federal contract from the NIH to the Johns Hopkins University. Assistance with data cleaning was provided by the GARNET Coordinating Center (U01 HG005157; PI Bruce S Weir). Study recruitment and collection of datasets for the VISP clinical trial were supported by an investigator-initiated research grant (R01 NS34447; PI James Toole) from the United States Public Health Service, NINDS, Bethesda, Maryland. Control data for comparison with European ancestry VISP stroke cases were obtained through the database of genotypes and phenotypes (dbGAP) High Density SNP Association Analysis of Melanoma: Case-Control and Outcomes Investigation (phs000187.v1.p1; R01CA100264, 3P50CA093459, 5P50CA097007, 5R01ES011740, 5R01CA133996, HHSN268200782096C; PIs Christopher Amos, Qingyi Wei, Jeffrey E. Lee). For VISP stroke cases of African ancestry, a subset of the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span study (HANDLS) were used as stroke free controls. HANDLS is funded by the National Institute of Aging (1Z01AG000513; PI Michele K. Evans).

WHI-OS: The Women’s Health Initiatives (WHI) program was funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, US Department of Health and Human Services through contracts N01WH22110, 24152, 32100-2, 32105-6, 32108-9, 32111-13, 32115, 32118 to 32119, 32122, 42107-26, 42129-32, and 44221. The Hormones and Biomarkers Predicting Stroke (HaBPS) was supported by a grant from the National Institutes of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS042618).

WUSTL: Washington University St. Louis Stroke Study (WUSTL): The collection, extraction of DNA from blood, and storage of specimens were supported by 2 NINDS NIH grants (P50 NS055977 and R01 NS8541901). Basic demographic and clinical characterization of stroke phenotype was prospectively collected in the Cognitive Rehabilitation and Recovery Group (CRRG) registry. The Recovery Genomics after Ischemic Stroke (ReGenesIS) study was supported by a grant from the Barnes-Jewish Hospital Foundation.

Control-only Cohorts:

ADHD: The ADHD-VHIR study from Barcelona was supported by Fundació Marató de TV3 (ref. 092330/31), the Miguel Servet Programme, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CP09/00119 and

CPII15/00023) and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF).

Health ABC: The Health Aging and Body Composition Study was supported by NIA contracts N01AG62101, N01AG62103, and N01AG62106 and, in part, by the NIA Intramural Research Program. The genome-wide association study was funded by NIA grant 1R01AG032098-01A1 to Wake Forest University Health Sciences and genotyping services were provided by the Center for Inherited Disease Research (CIDR). CIDR is fully funded through a federal contract from the National Institutes of Health to The Johns Hopkins University, contract number HHSN268200782096C. This study utilized the high-performance computational capabilities of the Biowulf Linux cluster at the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. (http://biowulf.nih.gov). Mike A. Nalls’ participation is supported by a consulting contract between Data Tecnica International (Dr. Nalls is the founder and primary consultant) and the National Institute on Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA, as a possible conflict of interest Dr. Nalls also consults for Illumina Inc, the Michael J. Fox Foundation and University of California Healthcare.

HCHS/SOL: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos was carried out as a collaborative study supported by contracts from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) to the University of North Carolina (N01-HC65233), University of Miami (N01-HC65234), Albert Einstein College of Medicine (N01-HC65235), Northwestern University (N01-HC65236), San Diego State University (N01-HC65237), and University of Washington (HHSN268201300005C). The following Institutes/Centers/Offices contribute to the HCHS/SOL through a transfer of funds to the NHLBI: National Center on Minority Health and Health Disparities, the National Institute of Deafness and Other Communications Disorders, the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, and the Office of Dietary Supplements.

The authors thank the staff and participants of HCHS/SOL for their important contributions. A complete list of staff and investigators has been provided by Sorlie P., et al. in Ann Epidemiol. 2010 Aug;20: 642-649 and is also available on the study website http://www.cscc.unc.edu/hchs/.

HRS: HRS is supported by the National Institute on Aging (NIA U01AG009740). The genotyping was funded as a separate award from the National Institute on Aging (RC2 AG036495). Genotyping was conducted by the NIH Center for Inherited Disease Research (CIDR) at Johns Hopkins University. Genotyping quality control and final preparation of the data were performed by the Genetics Coordinating Center at the University of Washington. HRS genotype data have been deposited in the NIH GWAS repository (dbGaP). Researchers wishing to use the HRS genetic data must first apply to dbGaP for access. The process to request access to any dbGaP study is done via the dbGaP authorized access system. Researchers who wish to obtain HRS phenotype measures that are not in dbGaP must submit a data access use agreement to HRS. For further information, contact hrsquestions@umich.edu. Relevant websites describing HRS genotype and phenotype data are: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/projects/gap/cgi-bin/study.cgi?study_id=phs000428.v1.p1 and http://hrsonline.isr.umich.edu.

INMA: This study was funded by grants from Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CB06/02/0041, G03/176, FIS PI041436, PI081151, PI041705, PI061756, PI091958, and PS09/00432, FIS-FEDER 03/1615, 04/1509, 04/1112, 04/1931 , 05/1079, 05/1052, 06/1213, 07/0314, 09/02647, 11/01007, 11/02591, 11/02038, 13/1944, 13/2032 and CP11/0178), Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (SAF2008-00357), European Commission (ENGAGE project and grant agreement HEALTH-F4-2007-201413, HEALTH.2010.2.4.5-1, FP7-ENV-2011 cod 282957), Fundació La Marató de TV3, Generalitat de Catalunya-CIRIT 1999SGR 00241 and Conselleria de Sanitat Generalitat Valenciana. Part of the DNA extractions and genotyping was performed at the Spanish National Genotyping Centre (CEGEN-Barcelona). The authors are grateful to Silvia Fochs, Anna Sànchez, Maribel López, Nuria Pey, Muriel Ferrer, Amparo Quiles, Sandra Pérez, Gemma León, Elena Romero, Maria Andreu, Nati Galiana, Maria Dolores Climent, Amparo Cases and Cristina Capo for their assistance in contacting the families and administering the questionnaires. The authors would particularly like to thank all the participants for their generous collaboration. A full roster of the INMA Project Investigators can be found at http://www.proyectoinma.org/presentacion-inma/listado-investigadores/en_listado-investigadores.html.

KORA: The KORA research platform (KORA, Cooperative Research in the Region of Augsburg) was initiated and financed by the Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, which is funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research and by the State of Bavaria. Furthermore, KORA research was supported within the Munich Center of Health Sciences (MC Health), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, as part of LMUinnovativ.

OAI: The OAI is a public–private partnership comprised of five contracts (N01-AR-2-2258; N01-AR-2-2259; N01-AR-2-2260; N01-AR-2-2261; N01-AR-2-2262) funded by the National Institutes of Health, a branch of the Department of Health and Human Services, and conducted by the OAI Study Investigators. Genotyping support was provided by grant RC2-AR-058950 from NIAMS/NIH. Private funding partners include Merck Research Laboratories; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, GlaxoSmithKline; and Pfizer, Inc. Private sector funding for the OAI is managed by the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health.

WTCCC2: Wellcome Trust Case-Control Consortium 2 (WTCCC2) was principally funded by the Wellcome Trust, as part of the Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium 2 project (085475/B/08/Z and 085475/Z/08/Z and WT084724MA). The Stroke Association provided additional support for collection of some of the St George's, London cases. The Oxford cases were collected as part of the Oxford Vascular Study which is funded by the MRC, Stroke Association, Dunhill Medical Trust, National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) and the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford. The Edinburgh Stroke Study was supported by the Wellcome Trust (clinician scientist award to C Sudlow), and the Binks Trust. Sample processing occurred in the Genetics Core Laboratory of the Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Facility, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh. Much of the neuroimaging occurred in the Scottish Funding Council Brain Imaging Research Centre (www.sbirc.ed.ac.uk), Division of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Edinburgh, a core area of the Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Facility and part of the SINAPSE (Scottish Imaging Network—A Platform for Scientific Excellence) collaboration (www.sinapse.ac.uk), funded by the Scottish Funding Council and the Chief Scientist Office. Collection of the Munich cases and data analysis was supported by the Vascular Dementia Research Foundation. M Farrall and A Helgadottir acknowledge support from the BHF Centre of Research Excellence in Oxford and the Wellcome Trust core award (090532/Z/09/Z).

Barcelona The Neurovascular Research Laboratory takes part in the International Stroke Genetics Consortium (ISGC), the Spanish Stroke Genetics Consortium (www.genestroke.com), and the Cooperative Neurovascular Research RENEVAS (RD06/0026/0010). This study was funded by a grant of the Spanish government (PI10/01212.). The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreements #201024 and #202213 (European Stroke Network). Belgium Stroke Study (BSS) was supported by Erasme Funds. Edinburgh Stroke Study (ESS) (which contributed discovery cases as part of WTCCC2 and additional replication cases) was supported as described above. Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 was supported in part by Research into Aging, Help the Aged (Sidney De Haan Award and The Disconnected Mind Major Gift Campaign), MRC, and UK Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC). Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 was also supported by a programme grant from Research Into Ageing and continues with programme grants from Help the Aged/Research Into Ageing (Disconnected Mind). The work was undertaken by The University of Edinburgh Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, part of the cross council Lifelong Health and Wellbeing Initiative (G0700704/84698). Funding from the BBSRC, Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC), Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC), and MRC is gratefully acknowledged. Genotyping of the LBC1936 was funded by the BBSRC.

Secondary Cohorts:

INTERSTROKE: We would like to acknowledge the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, Canadian Stroke Network, Pfizer Cardiovascular Award, Merck, AstraZeneca, and Boehringer Ingelheim.

MILANO: Milano- Besta Stroke Register Collection and genotyping of the Milan cases within CEDIR were supported by Annual Research Funding of the Italian Ministry of Health (Grant Numbers: RC 2007/LR6, RC 2008/LR6; RC 2009/LR8; RC 2010/LR8). FP6 LSHM-CT-2007-037273 for the PROCARDIS control samples.

PROSPER: The Prospective Study on Pravastatin in the Elderly at Risk (PROSPER) was supported by an investigator initiated grant obtained from Bristol-Myers Squibb. Prof. Dr. J. W. Jukema is an Established Clinical Investigator of the Netherlands Heart Foundation (grant 2001 D 032). Support for genotyping was provided by the seventh framework program of the European commission (grant 223004) and by the Netherlands Genomics Initiative (Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging grant 050-060-810).

RACE: We are thankful to the RACE study participants. Fieldwork in RACE was funded by the R-21 grant provided by the NINDS and the Fogarty International Center (1R21NS064908-01) and educational grants available to Dr. Saleheen at the Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, Pakistan. We would also like to acknowledge the contributions made by Professor John Danesh, Dr. Ayeesha Kamal and Professor Panos Deloukas.

SIGNET: The Sea Islands Genetics Network (SIGNET) was supported by R01 DK084350 (MM Sale) from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), and consists of data from the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) cohort, (U01 NS041588; G Howard), Project SuGAR (Sea Islands Genetic African American Registry) (W.M. Keck Foundation; WT Garvey), a South Carolina Center of Biomedical Research Excellence (COBRE) in Oral Health Project P20 RR017696 (PI: Kirkwood; Sub-award: JK Fernandes), and the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in Gullah Health (SLEIGH) study (PI: GS Gilkeson; K23 AR052364, DL Kamen; UL1 RR029882, KT Brady). Only data from the SIGNET-REGARDS sub-study were included in the current analyses. REGARDS is supported by a cooperative agreement U01 NS041588 from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Service. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIDDK, NINDS or the NIH. Representatives of the funding agencies have been involved in the review of the manuscript but not directly involved in the collection, management, analysis or interpretation of the data. The authors thank the other investigators, the staff, and the participants of the REGARDS study for their valuable contributions. A full list of participating REGARDS investigators and institutions can be found at http://www.regardsstudy.org

Utrecht ImmunoChip/PROMISe: S.Achterberg was supported by in part by a grant from the Netherlands Heart Foundation, (grant no 2005B031) and a grant from the Dutch Brain Foundation (project 2008(1).10).

VHIR-FMT-Barcelona: The Barcelona GWAs Study was supported by the Genetic contribution to functional Outcome and Disability after Stroke (GODS) project, Fundació la Marató de TV3, GENERACION Project (Instituto de Salud Carlos III: PI15/01978), Pre-Test Stroke Project (Instituto de Salud Carlos III: PMP15/00022) and by the Miguel Servet grant (Pharmastroke project: CP12/03298). Neurovascular research Laboratory and the Stroke Pharmacogenomics and Genetics lab take part in the INVICTUS+ network. I. F-C. is supported by the Miguel Servet programme (CP12/03298), Instituto de Salud Carlos III.

WGHS: The WGHS is supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL043851, HL080467, and HL099355) and the National Cancer Institute (CA047988 and UM1CA182913), with collaborative scientific support and funding for genotyping provided by Amgen.

WHI-HT: WHI Funding support for WHI-GARNET was provided through the NHGRI GARNET (Grant Number U01 HG005152). Assistance with phenotype harmonisation and genotype cleaning, as well as with general study coordination, was provided by the GARNET Coordinating Center (U01 HG005157). Funding support for genotyping, which was performed at the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, was provided by the NIH Genes, Environment, and Health Initiative (GEI; U01 HG004424).

CHARGE

AGES: Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility (AGES) -Reykjavik The study was funded by the National Institute on Aging (NIA)(N01-AG-12100), Hjartavernd (the Icelandic Heart Association), and the Althingi (the Icelandic Parliament), with contributions from the Intramural Research Programs at the NIA, the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, and the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (Z01 HL004607-08 CE).

ARIC: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study was performed as a collaborative study supported by National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) contracts (HHSN268201100005C, HSN268201100006C, HSN268201100007C, HHSN268201100008C, HHSN268201100009C, HHSN268201100010C, HHSN268201100011C, and HHSN268201100012C), R01HL70825, R01HL087641, R01HL59367, and R01HL086694; National Human Genome Research Institute contract U01HG004402; and National Institutes of Health (NIH) contract HHSN268200625226C. Infrastructure was partly supported by grant No. UL1RR025005, a component of the NIH and NIH Roadmap for Medical Research. This project was also supported by NIH R01 grant NS087541 to MF.

CHS: This CHS research was supported by NHLBI contracts HHSN268201200036C, HHSN268200800007C, N01HC55222, N01HC85079, N01HC85080, N01HC85081, N01HC85082, N01HC85083, N01HC85086, and HHSN268200960009C; and NHLBI grants U01HL080295, R01HL087652, R01HL105756, R01HL103612, R01HL120393, and R01HL130114 with additional contribution from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS). Additional support was provided through R01AG023629 from the National Institute on Aging (NIA). A full list of principal CHS investigators and institutions can be found at CHS-NHLBI.org. The provision of genotyping data was supported in part by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, CTSI grant UL1TR000124, and the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease Diabetes Research Center (DRC) grant DK063491 to the Southern California Diabetes Endocrinology Research Center. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.

FHS: This work was supported by the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study (Contract No. N01-HC-25195 and No. HHSN268201500001I) and its contract with Affymetrix, Inc. for genotyping services (Contract No. N02-HL-6-4278). A portion of this research utilized the Linux Cluster for Genetic Analysis (LinGA-II) funded by the Robert Dawson Evans Endowment of the Department of Medicine at Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center. This study was also supported by grants from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01 NS017950), the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (R01 HL093029) and the National Institute of Aging (R01s AG033193, AG008122, AG016495, U01 AG049505).

FINRISK: V.S. was supported by the Academy of Finland (grant #139635) and the Finnish Foundation for Cardiovascular Research

HEALTH ABC: The Health ABC Study was supported by NIA contracts N01AG62101, N01AG62103, and N01AG62106 and, in part, by the NIA Intramural Research Program. The genome-wide association study was funded by NIA grant 1R01AG032098-01A1 to Wake Forest University Health Sciences and genotyping services were provided by the Center for Inherited Disease Research (CIDR). CIDR is fully funded through a federal contract from the National Institutes of Health to The Johns Hopkins University, contract number HHSN268200782096C. This study utilized the high-performance computational capabilities of the Biowulf Linux cluster at the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. (http://biowulf.nih.gov).

Rotterdam Study: The generation and management of GWAS genotype data for the Rotterdam Study is supported by the Netherlands Organisation of Scientific Research NWO Investments (nr. 175.010.2005.011, 911-03-012). This study is funded by the Research Institute for Diseases in the Elderly (014-93-015; RIDE2), the Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)/Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) project nr. 050-060-810. The Rotterdam Study is funded by Erasmus Medical Center and Erasmus University, Rotterdam, Netherlands Organization for the Health Research and Development (ZonMw), the Research Institute for Diseases in the Elderly (RIDE), the Ministry of Education, Culture and Science, the Ministry for Health, Welfare and Sports, the European Commission (DG XII), and the Municipality of Rotterdam. MAI is supported by an NWO Veni grant (916.13.054).

SHIP: SHIP is part of the Community Medicine Research net of the University of Greifswald, Germany, which is funded by the Federal State of Mecklenburg-West Pomerania. The data collections underlying this work have been funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (grants no. 01ZZ9603, 01ZZ0103, and 01ZZ0403), the Ministry of Cultural Affairs as well as the Social Ministry of the Federal State of Mecklenburg-West Pomerania, and the German Research Foundation (SCHM 2744/1-1). Genome-wide data have been supported by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (grant no. 03ZIK012) and a joint grant from Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen, Germany and the Federal State of Mecklenburg- West Pomerania.

WGHS: The WGHS is supported by HL043851, HL080467, and HL099355. from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and CA047988 from the National Cancer Institute with collaborative scientific support and funding for genotyping provided by Amgen.

MESA: MESA and the MESA SHARe project are conducted and supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) in collaboration with MESA investigators. Support for MESA is provided by contracts HHSN268201500003I, N01-HC-95159, N01-HC-95160, N01-HC-95161, N01-HC-95162, N01-HC-95163, N01-HC-95164, N01-HC-95165, N01-HC-95166, N01-HC-95167, N01-HC-95168, N01-HC-95169, UL1-TR-000040, UL1-TR-001079, UL1-TR-001420, UL1-TR-001881, and DK063491. Funding for SHARe genotyping was provided by NHLBI Contract N02-HL-64278. Genotyping was performed at Affymetrix (Santa Clara, California, USA) and the Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT (Boston, Massachusetts, USA) using the Affymetrix Genome-Wide Human SNP Array 6.0.

PROSPER: The PROSPER study was supported by an investigator initiated grant obtained from Bristol-Myers Squibb. Prof. Dr. J. W. Jukema is an Established Clinical Investigator of the Netherlands Heart Foundation (grant 2001 D 032). Support for genotyping was provided by the seventh framework program of the European commission (grant 223004) and by the Netherlands Genomics Initiative (Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging grant 050-060-810).

TWINGENE: This work was supported by grants from the Ministry for Higher Education, the Swedish Research Council (M-2005-1112 and 2009-2298), GenomEUtwin (EU/QLRT-2001-01254; QLG2-CT-2002-01254), NIH grant DK U01-066134, The Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research (SSF; ICA08-0047).

ULSAM: This work was supported by grants from Uppsala University, Swedish Research Council (2012-1397), Swedish Heart-Lung Foundation (20140422), Knut och Alice Wallenberg Foundation, European Research Council, Swedish Diabetes Foundation (2013-024). Andrew P Morris is a Wellcome Trust Senior Fellow in Basic Biomedical Science (grant numbers WT064890, WT090532 and WT098017)

3C: The 3-City Study is conducted under a partnership agreement among the Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), the University of Bordeaux, and Sanofi-Aventis. The Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale funded the preparation and initiation of the study. The 3C Study is also supported by the Caisse Nationale Maladie des Travailleurs Salariés, Direction Générale de la Santé, Mutuelle Générale de l’Education Nationale (MGEN), Institut de la Longévité, Conseils Régionaux of Aquitaine and Bourgogne, Fondation de France, and Ministry of Research–INSERM Programme “Cohortes et collections de données biologiques.” This work was supported by the National Foundation for Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Disorders, the Institut Pasteur de Lille, the Centre National de Génotypage and the LABEX (Laboratory of Excellence program investment for the future) DISTALZ - Development of Innovative Strategies for a Transdisciplinary approach to ALZheimer’s disease. Stéphanie Debette is supported by a grant from the Fondation Leducq, a starting grant from the European Research Council, a grant from the Joint Programme of Neurodegenerative Disease research, and the Initiative of Excellence of Bordeaux University.

EPIC: EPIC was funded by the UK Medical Research Council (G0800270), British Heart Foundation (SP/09/002), UK National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, European Research Council (268834), European Commission Framework Programme 7 (HEALTH-F2-2012-279233).

AIDHS/SDS: This work was supported by NIH grants -R01DK082766 funded by the National Institute of Health (NIDDK) and NOT-HG-11-009 funded by NHGRI, VPR Bridge Grant and Harold Hamm Enrichment Grants from University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center. Authors thank all the participants of AIDHS/SDS and are grateful for their contribution in this study.

VHIR-FMT-Barcelona:The Barcelona GWAs Study was supported by the Genetic contribution to functional Outcome and Disability after Stroke (GODS) project, Fundació la Marató de TV3 and by the Miguel Servet grant (Pharmastroke project: CP12/03298). Neurovascular research Laboratory takes part in the INVICTUS network. I. F-C. is supported by the Miguel Servet programme (CP12/03298), Instituto de Salud Carlos III.

Biobank Japan:

We would like to express our greatfulness to all the members of J-MICC, JPHC, and TMM. We extend our appreciation to staffs of BBJ for their outstanding assistance. This study was funded by the BioBank Japan project, which is supported by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Sciences and Technology (MEXT) of Japanese government and the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED).

CADISP: The Cervical Artery Dissections and Ischemic Stroke Patients (CADISP) study has been supported by Inserm, Lille 2 University, Institut Pasteur de Lille and Lille University Hospital and received funding from the ERDF (FEDER funds) and Région Nord-Pas de Calais in the frame of Contrat de Projets Etat-Region 2007-2013 Région Nord-Pas-de-Calais - Grant N°09120030, Centre National de Genotypage, Emil Aaltonen Foundation, Paavo Ilmari Ahvenainen Foundation, Helsinki University Central Hospital Research Fund, Helsinki University Medical Foundation, Päivikki and Sakari Sohlberg Foundation, Aarne Koskelo Foundation, Maire Taponen Foundation, Aarne and Aili Turunen Foundation, Lilly Foundation, Alfred Kordelin Foundation, Finnish Medical Foundation, Orion Farmos Research Foundation, Maud Kuistila Foundation, the Finnish Brain Foundation, Biomedicum Helsinki Foundation, Projet Hospitalier de Recherche Clinique Régional, Fondation de France, Génopôle de Lille, Adrinord, Basel Stroke-Funds, Käthe-Zingg-Schwichtenberg-Fonds of the Swiss Academy of Medical Sciences, Swiss Heart Foundation.

COMPASS:

CHS: The CHS study was supported by National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute contracts HHSN268201200036C, HHSN268200800007C, N01HC55222, N01HC85079, N01HC85080, N01HC85081, N01HC85082, N01HC85083, N01HC85086; and NHLBI grants U01HL080295, R01HL087652, R01HL105756, R01HL103612, R01HL120393, R01HL130114, and R01HL085251 with contributions from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. Additional support was provided through R01AG023629 from the National Institute on Aging. A full list of principal CHS investigators and institutions can be found at CHS-NHLBI.org. The provision of genotyping data were supported, in part, by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, grant UL1TR000124, and the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease Research Center grant DK063491 to the Southern California Diabetes Endocrinology Research Center. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH.

HANDLS: Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute of Aging and the National Center on Minority Health and Health Disparities (project no. Z01-AG000513 and human subjects protocol no. 2009-149).

INTERSTROKE: The INTERSTROKE study was supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, Canadian Stroke Network, Health Research Board Ireland, Swedish Research Council, Swedish Heart and Lung Foundation, The Health & Medical Care Committee of the Regional Executive Board, Region Västra Götaland (Sweden), AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada), Pfizer (Canada), MSD, Chest, Heart and Stroke Scotland, and The Stroke Association, with support from The UK Stroke Research Network. Microarray genotyping for a subset of INTERSTROKE participants was funded by the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada Grant NA‐6872 (PI: Drs Pare, Anand, O’Donnell, Xie, Yusuf).

ISGS and SWISS: Ischemic Stroke Genetics Study (ISGS) and Siblings with Ischemic Stroke Study (SWISS) were supported by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke grants (R01 NS42733; PI Meschia) and (R01NS39987; PI Meschia), respectively with additional support, in part, from the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Aging (Z01 AG000954-06; PI Singleton). Both studies used samples and clinical data from the NIH-NINDS Human Genetics Resource Center DNA and Cell Line Repository, human subjects protocol no. 2003-081 and 2004-147.

SIGNET-REGARDS: We would like to thank all of the participants of the REGARDS Study for their valuable contributions, as well as REGARDS investigators and staff. The Sea Islands Genetics Network (SIGNET) was supported by R01 DK084350 (MM Sale), and SIGNET-REGARDS consists of data from the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) cohort, supported by a cooperative agreement U01 NS041588 (G Howard).

VISP: Vitamin Intervention for Stroke Prevention (VISP) was funded by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01-NS34447). Genome-wide association study data for a subset of VISP participants supported by the National Human Genome Research Institute (U01-HG005160), as part of the Genomics and Randomized Trials Network (PI: Drs Sale and Worrall).

JHS: The Jackson Heart Study is supported by contracts HHSN268201300046C, HHSN268201300047C, HHSN268201300048C, HHSN268201300049C, HSN268201300050C from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities. The authors also wish to thank the staffs and participants of the JHS. A full list of the participating institution and investigators can be found at https://www.jacksonheartstudy.org/jhsinfo/Home/tabid/36/Default.aspx.

WHI: The WHI program is funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services through contracts HHSN268201600018C, HHSN268201600001C, HHSN268201600002C, HHSN268201600003C, and HHSN268201600004C.

The authors thank the WHI investigators and staff for their dedication and the study participants for making the program possible. A full listing of WHI investigators can be found at: http://www.whi.org/researchers/Documents%20%20Write%20a%20Paper/WHI%20Investigator%20Long%20List.pdf.

Glasgow Stroke Sample: The work was supported by NHS Greater Glasgow Endowment funds.

Helsinki 2000 Ischemic Stroke Genetics Study: The study was supported by the Finnish Medical Foundation and the Helsinki University Central Hospital governmental subsidiary funds for clinical research. The investigators would like to thank Marja Metso, RN for her support of the study.

Hisayama-FSR study:

We thank Prof. Takanari Kitazono and Prof. Masahiro Kamouchi (Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan) for collecting clinical samples.

HVH 1 & 2:

The Heart and Vascular Health Study was supported by NHLBI grants R01HL085251, R01HL073410, and R01HL068986.

INTERSTROKE: We would like to acknowledge the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, Canadian Stroke Network, Pfizer Cardiovascular Award, Merck, AstraZeneca, and Boehringer Ingelheim.

MDC: The Malmӧ Diet and Cancer Study was supported by the Swedish Research Council (Vetenskapsrådet), Heart and Lung Foundation (Hjärt och Lungfonden), and Swedish Stroke Foundation (Strokeförbundet).

RACE: Fieldwork in RACE was funded by the R-21 grant provided by the NINDS and the Fogarty International Center (1R21NS064908-01) and educational grants available to Dr. Saleheen at the

Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, Pakistan. We would also like to acknowledge the contributions made by Professor John Danesh, Dr. Ayeesha Kamal and Professor Panos Deloukas.

SAHLSIS: The Sahlgrenska Academy Study of Ischemic Stroke was supported by the Swedish Research Council (K2014-64X-14605-12-5), the Swedish Heart and Lung Foundation, the Swedish state/Sahlgrenska University Hospital (ALFGBG-429981), the Swedish Stroke Association, the Swedish Society of Medicine, and the Rune and Ulla Amlöv Foundation.

SIFAP: The sifap study (Stroke In Young Fabry Patients, http://www.sifap.eu; ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00414583) has been supported partially by an unrestricted scientific grant from Shire Human Genetic Therapies. Funding for genotyping and analysis of samples were supported by the National Institutes of Health Genes, Environment and Health Initiative (GEI) Grant U01 HG004436, as part of the GENEVA consortium.

SLESS: This work was supported by a Stroke Association (UK) Programme Grant (PROG 3), the National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre (NIHR BRC) at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre based at Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London. Dr Rutten-Jacobs is supported by a British Heart Foundation Fellowship (FS/15/61/31626). Dr Markus is supported by the National Institute for Health Research Cambridge University Hospitals Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre and a National Institute for Health Research Senior Investigator award.

UK - young lacunar stroke DNA resource: Collection of the UK Young Lacunar Stroke DNA Study (DNA Lacunar) was primarily supported by the Wellcome Trust (WT072952) with additional support from the Stroke Association (TSA 2010/01). Genotyping of the samples, and Dr Traylor, were supported by a Stroke Association Grant (TSA 2013/01). Dr Markus is supported by the National Institute for Health Research Cambridge University Hospitals Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre and a National Institute for Health Research Senior Investigator award. Matthew Traylor is funded by a BHF programme grant RG/16/4/32218. Loes Rutten-Jacobs is supported by a BHF Early career fellowship BHF /15/61/31626.

ICH

Funding provided as follows: GERFHS, NIH grants NS36695 and NS30678; GOCHA, NIH grant R01NS059727, the Keane Stroke Genetics Research Fund, the Edward and Maybeth Sonn Research Fund, and the University of Michigan General Clinical Research Center M01 RR000042; ERICH, NIH grant NS069763; HM-ICH, Instituto de Salud Carlos III with the grants “Registro BASICMAR” Funding for Research in Health (PI051737), “GWALA project” from Fondos de Investigación Sanitaria ISC III (PI10/02064), and Fondos FEDER/EDRF Red de Investigación Cardiovascular (RD12/0042); JUHSS, Polish Ministry of Education grant N402 083934; LSR, Lund University, Region Skåne, the Swedish Research Council (K2010-61X-20378-04-3), the Swedish Stroke Association, the Freemasons Lodge of Instruction EOS in Lund, and the King Gustaf V and Queen Victoria’s foundations; G.J.F. and H.B.B., NIH SPOTRIAS fellowship P50NS061343; C.D.A., fellowship from the American Brain Foundation; J.N.G., NIH grant 5K23NS059774; P.M.R., awards from the NIHR and the Wellcome Trust; M.S., NIH grant U01 NS074425; and D.L.B., NIH grants R01 NS062675, R01 HL098065, R01 NS070941, and R18 HS017690, the Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan Foundation, Michigan Department of Community Health, and the University of Michigan.

DAT and VC were financially supported by the Transatlantic Networks of Excellence Award (12CVD02) from Foundation Leducq

Statistical analyses were performed using the C2BIG computing cluster, funded by the Région Ile de France, Pierre and Marie Curie University, and the Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ANR-10-IAHU-05).